Austenitic stainless steel is a stable austenitic (face-centered cubic structure) stainless steel at room temperature, which can not be strengthened by solid phase transformation of the matrix. Austenitic stainless steel is generally non-magnetic, no cold brittle phenomenon; The density of face-centered cubic crystal is higher than that of body-centered cubic crystal, so austenitic stainless steel has high corrosion resistance, and its corrosion resistance and acid resistance are obviously better than those of ferritic stainless steel and martensitic stainless steel. Austenitic stainless steel has good cold working property and good toughness and plasticity, but the strength is low, only through cold working or precipitation of intermetallic compounds to improve the strength.

Austenitic stainless steel can resist the corrosion of oxidizing acid, if molybdenum, copper and other elements can also resist sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and formic acid, acetic acid, urea corrosion. When the carbon content of steel is less than 0.03% or contains titanium and niobium, the intergranular corrosion resistance can be improved obviously. Free cutting stainless steel can be obtained by adding sulfur, selenium, tellurium and other free cutting elements. Commonly used austenitic stainless steel is chromium-nickel series (300 series), typical steel number 06Cr19Ni10(304), 022Cr19Ni10 (304L), 06Cr17Ni12Mo2(316), 022Cr17Ni12Mo2 (316L), etc.; There are manganese, nitrogen instead of part or all of the low price chromium-nickel-manganese (nitrogen) series (200 series) austenitic stainless steel, typical steel size 12Cr17Mn6Ni5N(201), 20Cr15Mn15Ni2N(205). Austenitic stainless steel is widely used because of its excellent corrosion resistance and appropriate comprehensive mechanical properties.

Stainless steel generally speaking, stainless steel is not easy to rust steel, in fact, a part of stainless steel, both rust, and acid resistance (corrosion resistance). The stainability and corrosion resistance of stainless steel are due to the formation of chrome-rich oxide film (passivation film) on its surface. This rust resistance and corrosion resistance are relative. The test SHOWS THAT THE CORROSION RESISTANCE OF STEEL in the atmosphere, water and other weak media and nitric acid and other oxidizing media, its corrosion resistance increases with the increase of chromium content in steel, when the chromium content reaches a certain percentage, the corrosion resistance of steel changes, namely from easy to rust to not easy to rust, from corrosion resistance to corrosion resistance. There are many ways to classify stainless steel. According to the tissue structure classification at room temperature, Martensite type, Austenite type, ferrite and duplex stainless steel; According to the main chemical composition classification, basically can be divided into chromium stainless steel and chromium nickel stainless steel two systems; According to use, there are nitric acid resistance stainless steel, sulfuric acid resistance stainless steel, seawater resistance stainless steel and so on. According to corrosion resistance type, it can be divided into pitting resistance stainless steel, stress corrosion resistance stainless steel, intergranular corrosion resistance stainless steel and so on. According to the functional characteristics of the classification can be divided into non-magnetic stainless steel, free cutting stainless steel, low temperature stainless steel, high strength stainless steel and so on. Stainless steel has been widely used in heavy industry, light industry, household goods industry and building decoration industry because of its excellent corrosion resistance, formability, compatibility and strength and toughness in a wide temperature range.

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