Pipeline transportation is not only large, continuous, rapid, economical, safe, reliable, stable and less investment, less occupation, low cost, and can realize automatic control. In addition to widely used for long-distance transportation of oil and natural gas, it can also transport ore, coal, building materials, chemicals and food, etc. Pipeline transportation can eliminate the bad transit section of water or land transportation, shorten the transportation cycle, reduce transportation cost and improve transportation efficiency. At present, the development trend of pipeline transportation is as follows: the diameter of pipeline is increasing, and the transportation capacity is greatly improved; The distance of the pipeline increased rapidly; Transport materials from petroleum, natural gas, chemical products and other fluids gradually expanded to coal, ore and other non-fluids. China has built a number of crude oil pipelines from Daqing to Qinhuangdao and from Shengli Oilfield to Nanjing.

In the case of liquids and gases, any substance that is chemically stable can be transported by pipe. Therefore, waste water, mud, water and even beer can be carried by pipes. Pipelines are also important for transporting oil and gas -- most companies regularly inspect their pipelines and use pipeline inspection gauges to clean them.

Pipeline transportation advantages

Among the five modes of transportation, pipeline transportation has unique advantages. In construction, compared with railways, roads and airlines, investment is much less. As compared to oil pipeline transportation and railway transportation, the transportation association of experts had calculated brushstroke zhang: along the refined oil products mainly flow to the construction of a 7000 km long pipeline, its comprehensive economic benefits generated by the society, only reduce the transportation cost, saving power consumption, reduce loss 3 items in the transport and can save money for about 1 billion yuan each year; And for oil transportation with flammable characteristics, pipeline transportation is more safe, airtight and other characteristics.

In oil and gas transportation, pipeline transportation has its unique advantages, first lies in its smooth, uninterrupted transportation, for modern large-scale production, oil field non-stop production, pipeline can do non-stop transportation, oil refining and chemical industry can continuously produce finished products, to meet the needs of the national economy; Second, the realization of safe transportation, for oil and gas, car, train transportation are very dangerous, known as the "active bomb" abroad, and the pipeline in the underground closed transportation, with high security; Three is the quality, the pipeline is transported in a closed state, the oil is not volatile, the quality is not affected; Fourth, the economy, pipeline transport loss, low freight, less land, low pollution.

As flammable and explosive fluid with high risk, the best way to transport refined oil should be pipeline. Compared with other modes of transportation, pipeline transportation of refined oil has large transportation volume and high labor productivity; Short construction cycle, less investment, less land; Less transport loss, no "three wastes" discharge, conducive to environmental and ecological protection; All-weather continuous transportation, high safety, less accidents; As well as transportation automation, low cost and energy consumption obvious advantages.

The main advantages can be roughly summarized as:

(1) Large volume.

An oil pipeline can be used continuously to complete the delivery task. Depending on the size of its pipe diameter, its annual transport can range from millions to tens of millions of tons, or even more than a million tons.

(2) Less land.

Transportation pipelines are usually buried underground and occupy very little land. Transportation system construction practice proves that the pipeline buried underground part accounts for more than 95% of the total length of pipe, thus for permanent takes up very little land, only 3% of the highway, respectively, about 10% of the railway, in transport planning system, give priority to pipeline transport plan, to save the land resources, is of great significance.

(3) The construction period of pipeline transportation is short and the cost is low.

A large number of practices in the construction of transportation systems at home and abroad have proved that the construction cycle of pipeline transportation system is generally more than 1/3 shorter than that of railway construction with the same volume of transportation. In history, China's construction of daqing 1152 km pipeline to qinhuangdao, only 23 months, and if you want to build a the same volume of railway, need at least 3 years, xinjiang to Shanghai 4200 km gas transport pipeline, expected construction period can't more than 2 years, but if the same volume of new railway lines, The construction period is more than 3 years, especially the geological and geomorphic conditions and climatic conditions are relatively poor, the difficulty of large-scale railway construction will be greater, the cycle will be longer, statistical data show that the cost of pipeline construction is about 60% lower than the railway.

Comparison of natural gas pipeline transportation with LNG shipments. Take the transportation of 300m3/a(m3/ year) of natural gas as an example, such as the construction of 6,000 km of pipeline investment of about $12 billion; Construction of an LNG plant of the same size (20 million tons) would cost more than $20 billion. In addition, about 20 LNG ships with a capacity of 125,000 cubic meters are required. The cost of one LNG ship with a capacity of 125,000 cubic meters is more than $200 million, and the total shipbuilding cost is about $4 billion. In terms of investment alone, LNG is much higher than pipeline.

(4) Pipeline transportation is safe and reliable with strong continuity.

Due to oil and gas inflammable, explosive, volatile, easy to leak, the way of pipeline transportation, safe, and can greatly reduce the volatilization loss, at the same time due to leakage of air, water and soil pollution can be greatly reduced, that is to say, can well meet the pipeline transport to transport the greening engineering requirements, in addition, due to the basic trapped underground pipelines, The adverse and changeable weather conditions have little influence on the transportation process, which can ensure the long-term stable operation of the transportation system.

(5) Pipeline transportation has low energy consumption, low cost and good benefit.

Developed countries use pipeline transportation of oil, energy consumption per ton of kilometer is less than 1/7 of railway, transportation costs in mass transportation and water transportation close, so in no water conditions, using pipeline transportation is one of the most energy saving transportation mode. Pipeline transport is a kind of continuous engineering, transportation system there is no idle path, thus system with high efficiency of transportation, the theoretical analysis and practical experience have shown that the pipe size, the greater the transportation distance, the greater the volume, transport costs, the lower the oil transportation, for example, pipeline transport, water transport, rail transport transport costs for:. 7.